The TPS60150 device is a switched capacitor voltage converter that produces a regulated, low noise, and low-ripple output voltage of 5 V from an unregulated input voltage.
The 5-V output can supply a minimum of 140-mA current.
The TPS60150 device operates in skip mode when the load current falls less than 8 mA under typical condition. In skip mode operation, quiescent current is reduced to 90 μA.
Only 3 external capacitors are needed to generate the output voltage, therefore saving PCB space.
Inrush current is limited by the soft-start function during power on and power transient states.
The TPS60150 device operates over a free-air temperature range of –40°C to 85°C. The device is available with a small 2-mm × 2-mm 6-pin SON package (QFN).
PART NUMBER | PACKAGE | BODY SIZE (NOM) |
---|---|---|
TPS60150 | WSON (6) | 2.00 mm × 2.00 mm |
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Changes from B Revision (February 2011) to C Revision
Changes from A Revision (April 2009) to B Revision
PIN | I/O | DESCRIPTION | |
---|---|---|---|
NAME | NO. | ||
CP+ | 4 | — | Connect to the flying capacitor |
CP– | 5 | — | Connect to the flying capacitor |
ENA | 6 | IN | Hardware enable/disable pin (High = Enable) |
GND | 1 | — | Ground |
VIN | 2 | IN | Supply voltage input |
VOUT | 3 | OUT | Output, connect to the output capacitor |
MIN | MAX | UNIT | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
VIN | Input voltage (all pins) | –0.3 | 7 | V |
TA | Operating temperature | –40 | 85 | °C |
TJ | Maximum operating junction temperature | 150 | °C | |
Tstg | Storage temperature | –55 | 150 | °C |
VALUE | UNIT | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
V(ESD) | Electrostatic discharge | Human body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001(1)(2) | ±2000 | V |
Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101(3) | ±500 |
THERMAL METRIC(1) | TPS60150 | UNIT | |
---|---|---|---|
DRV (WSON) | |||
6 PINS | |||
RθJA | Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance | 69.1 | °C/W |
RθJC(top) | Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance | 79.8 | °C/W |
RθJB | Junction-to-board thermal resistance | 38.6 | °C/W |
ψJT | Junction-to-top characterization parameter | 1.2 | °C/W |
ψJB | Junction-to-board characterization parameter | 38.4 | °C/W |
RθJC(bot) | Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance | 9.2 | °C/W |
PARAMETER | TEST CONDITIONS | MIN | TYP | MAX | UNIT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
POWER STAGE | ||||||
VIN | Input voltage range | 2.7 | 5.5 | V | ||
VUVLO | Undervoltage lockout threshold | 1.9 | 2.1 | V | ||
IQ | Operating quiescent current | IOUT = 140 mA, Enable = VIN | 4.7 | mA | ||
IQskip | Skip mode operating quiescent current | IOUT = 0 mA, Enable=VIN (no switching) | 80 | μA | ||
IOUT = 0 mA, Enable = VIN(minimum switching) | 90 | μA | ||||
ISD | Shut down current | 2.7 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V, Enable = 0 V | 1 | μA | ||
VOUT | Output voltage(1) | IOUT ≤ 50 mA, 2.7 V ≤ VIN < 5.5 V | 4.8 | 5 | 5.2 | V |
VOUT(skip) | Skip mode output voltage | IOUT = 0 mA, 2.7 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V | VOUT + 0.1 | V | ||
FSW | Switching frequency | 1.5 | MHz | |||
SSTIME | Soft-start time | From the rising edge of enable to 90% output | 150 | μs | ||
OUTPUT CURRENT | ||||||
IOUT_nom | Maximum output current | VOUT remains from 4.8 V to 5.2 V, 3.1 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V |
120 | mA | ||
3.3 V < VIN < 5.5 V | 140 | |||||
IOUT_short | Short circuit current(2) | VOUT = 0 V | 80 | mA | ||
RIPPLE VOLTAGE | ||||||
VR | Output ripple voltage | IOUT = 140 mA | 30 | mV | ||
ENABLE CONTROL | ||||||
VHI | Logic high input voltage | 2.7 V ≤ VIN ≤ 5.5 V | 1.3 | VIN | V | |
VLI | Logic low input voltage | –0.2 | 0.4 | V | ||
IHI | Logic high input current | 1 | μA | |||
ILI | Logic low input current | 1 | μA | |||
THERMAL SHUTDOWN | ||||||
TSD | Shutdown temperature | 160 | °C | |||
TRC | Shutdown recovery | 140 | °C |
The TPS60150 regulated charge pump provides a regulated output voltage for various input voltages. The TPS60150 device regulates the voltage across the flying capacitor to 2.5 V and controls the voltage drop of Q1 and Q2 while a conversion clock with 50% duty cycle drives the FETs.
During the first half cycle, Q2 and Q3 transistors are turned on and flying capacitor, CF, will be charged to 2.5 V ideally.
During the second half cycle, Q1 and Q4 transistors are turned on. Capacitor CF will then be discharged to output.
Use Equation 1 to calculate the output voltage.
The output voltage is regulated by output feedback and an internally compensated voltage control loop.
An enable pin on the regulator is used to place the device into an energy-saving shutdown mode. In this mode, the output is disconnected from the input, and the input quiescent current is reduced to 10 μA maximum.
When the input voltage drops, the undervoltage lockout prevents misoperation by switching off the device. The converter starts operation again when the input voltage exceeds the threshold, provided the enable pin is high.
The regulator has thermal shutdown circuitry that protects it from damage caused by overload conditions. The thermal protection circuitry disables the output when the junction temperature reached approximately 160°C, allowing the device to cool. When the junction temperature cools to approximately 140°C, the output circuitry is automatically reenabled. Continuously running the regulator into thermal shutdown can degrade reliability. The regulator also provides current limit to protect itself and the load.
An internal soft start limits the inrush current when the device is being enabled.
The TPS60150 device has skip mode operation as shown in Figure 5. The TPS60150 device enters skip mode if the output voltage reaches 5 V +0.1 V and the load current is less than 8 mA (typical). In skip mode, the TPS60150 device disables the oscillator and decreases the prebias current of the output stage to reduce the power consumption. Once the output voltage dips less than the threshold voltage of 5 V +0.1 V, the TPS60150 device begins switching to increase output voltage until the output reaches 5 V +0.1 V. When the output voltage dips less than 5 V, the TPS60150 device returns to normal pulse width modulation (PWM) mode; thereby reenabling the oscillator and increasing the prebias current of the output stage to supply output current.
The skip threshold voltage and current depend on input voltage and output current conditions.
The TPS60150 device has internal short circuit protection to protect the IC when the output is shorted to ground. To avoid damage when output is shorted to ground, the short circuit protection circuitry senses output voltage and clamps the maximum output current to 80 mA (typical).
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
Most of today’s battery-powered portable electronics allow and/or require data transfer with a PC. One of the fastest data transfer protocols is through USB On-the-Go (OTG). As Figure 7 shows, the USB OTG circuitry in the portable device requires a 5-V power rail and up to 140 mA of current. The TPS60150 device may be used to provide a 5-V power rail in a battery powered system.
The design guideline provides a component selection to operate the device within the Recommended Operating Conditions.
For minimum output voltage ripple, the output capacitor (COUT) should be a surface-mount ceramic capacitor. Tantalum capacitors generally have a higher effective series resistance (ESR) and may contribute to higher output voltage ripple. Leaded capacitors also increase ripple due to the higher inductance of the package itself. To achieve the best operation with low input voltage and high load current, the input and flying capacitors (CIN and CF, respectively) should also be surface-mount ceramic types.
Generally, CFLY can be calculated using Equation 2.
Both equation should be same,
If ILOAD = 140 mA, f = 1.5 MHZ, and ΔVCFLY = 100 mV, the minimum value of the flying capacitor should be 1 μF.
Output capacitance, COUT, is also strongly related to output ripple voltage and loop stability,
The minimum output capacitance for all output levels is 2.2 μF due to control stability. Larger ceramic capacitors or low ESR capacitors can be used to lower the output ripple voltage.
VALUE | DIELECTRIC MATERIAL | PACKAGE SIZE | RATED VOLTAGE |
---|---|---|---|
4.7 μF | X5R or X7R | 0603 | 10 V |
2.2 μF | X5R or X7R | 0603 | 10 V |
The efficiency of the charge pump regulator varies with the output voltage, the applied input voltage and the load current.
Use Equation 5 and Equation 6 to calculate the approximate efficiency in normal operating mode is given by:
Low-cost portable electronics with small LCD displays require a low-cost solution for providing the WLED backlight. As shown in Figure 23, the TPS60150 device can also be used to drive several WLEDs in parallel, with the help of ballast resistors.
The TPS60150 device has no special requirements for its input power supply. The input power supply's output current must be rated according to the supply voltage, output voltage and output current of the TPS60150 device.
Large transient currents flow in the VIN, VOUT, and GND traces. To minimize both input and output ripple, keep the capacitors as close as possible to the regulator using short, direct circuit traces.
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These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
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