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TL431

ACTIVE

Adjustable precision shunt regulator

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TLA431 ACTIVE All-capacitor stable precision programmable reference with KRA pin layout For cost optimized designs

Product details

Rating Catalog VO (V) 2.495 Initial accuracy (max) (%) 0.5, 1, 2 Iz for regulation (min) (µA) 400 VO adj (min) (V) 2.495 VO adj (max) (V) 36 Reference voltage (V) Adjustable, adjustable Temp coeff (max) (ppm/°C) 92 Operating temperature range (°C) -40 to 125 Iout/Iz (max) (mA) 100
Rating Catalog VO (V) 2.495 Initial accuracy (max) (%) 0.5, 1, 2 Iz for regulation (min) (µA) 400 VO adj (min) (V) 2.495 VO adj (max) (V) 36 Reference voltage (V) Adjustable, adjustable Temp coeff (max) (ppm/°C) 92 Operating temperature range (°C) -40 to 125 Iout/Iz (max) (mA) 100
SOT-23 (DBZ) 3 6.9204 mm² (2.92 mm × 2.37 mm) SOIC (D) 8 29.4 mm² (4.9 mm × 6 mm) SOT-23 (DBV) 5 8.12 mm² (2.9 mm × 2.8 mm) SOT-89 (PK) 3 18.4275 mm² (4.5 mm × 4.095 mm) SOP (PS) 8 48.36 mm² (6.2 mm × 7.8 mm) SOT-SC70 (DCK) 6 4.2 mm² (2 mm × 2.1 mm) TO-92 (LP) 3 19.136 mm² (5.2 mm × 3.68 mm) TSSOP (PW) 8 19.2 mm² (3 mm × 6.4 mm) PDIP (P) 8 92.5083 mm² (9.81 mm × 9.43 mm)
  • Reference voltage tolerance at 25°C
    • 0.5% (B grade)
    • 1% (A grade)
    • 2% (Standard grade)
  • Adjustable output voltage: Vref to 36V
  • Operation from −40°C to 125°C
  • Typical temperature drift (TL43xB)
    • 6mV (C temp)
    • 14mV (I temp, Q temp)
  • Low Output Noise
  • 0.2Ω Typical output impedance
  • Sink-current capability: 1mA to 100mA
  • Reference voltage tolerance at 25°C
    • 0.5% (B grade)
    • 1% (A grade)
    • 2% (Standard grade)
  • Adjustable output voltage: Vref to 36V
  • Operation from −40°C to 125°C
  • Typical temperature drift (TL43xB)
    • 6mV (C temp)
    • 14mV (I temp, Q temp)
  • Low Output Noise
  • 0.2Ω Typical output impedance
  • Sink-current capability: 1mA to 100mA

The TL431 and TL432 devices are three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators, with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges. The output voltage can be set to any value between Vref (approximately 2.5V) and 36V, with two external resistors. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2Ω. Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications, such as on-board regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies. The TL432 device has exactly the same functionality and electrical specifications as the TL431 device, but has different pinouts for the DBV, DBZ, and PK packages.

Both the TL431 and TL432 devices are offered in three grades, with initial tolerances (at 25°C) of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, for the B, A, and standard grade, respectively. In addition, low output drift versus temperature verifies good stability over the entire temperature range.

The TL43xxC devices are characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C, the TL43xxI devices are characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C, and the TL43xxQ devices are characterized for operation from –40°C to 125°C.

The TL431 and TL432 devices are three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators, with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges. The output voltage can be set to any value between Vref (approximately 2.5V) and 36V, with two external resistors. These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2Ω. Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications, such as on-board regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies. The TL432 device has exactly the same functionality and electrical specifications as the TL431 device, but has different pinouts for the DBV, DBZ, and PK packages.

Both the TL431 and TL432 devices are offered in three grades, with initial tolerances (at 25°C) of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, for the B, A, and standard grade, respectively. In addition, low output drift versus temperature verifies good stability over the entire temperature range.

The TL43xxC devices are characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C, the TL43xxI devices are characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C, and the TL43xxQ devices are characterized for operation from –40°C to 125°C.

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Technical documentation

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Top documentation Type Title Format options Date
* Data sheet TL431, TL432 Precision Programmable Reference datasheet (Rev. S) PDF | HTML May 31, 2024
* User guide 200-VA HF Inverter Design Based on UCD8220 and MSP430G2330 for Automotive Applications Mar 7, 2013
Application note Precision Current Sources and Sinks Using Voltage References (Rev. A) PDF | HTML Apr 15, 2026
Technical article Make sure your optocoupler is properly biased PDF | HTML Feb 16, 2024
Application note Optimization of a Shunt Reference for Flyback Converters PDF | HTML Oct 18, 2023
Application note Designing Stable Isolated Power Supplies with Shunt Regulators PDF | HTML Dec 29, 2022
E-book Tips and tricks for designing with voltage references (Rev. A) May 7, 2021
Analog design Journal High-power, low-cost, discrete linear pre-regulator for automotive rear lights Dec 21, 2020
Technical article Overcoming common design challenges in an UV sterilization box system PDF | HTML Jul 27, 2020
Technical article How modern voltage references help shrink small designs PDF | HTML Jun 1, 2020
Application note Using the TL431 for Undervoltage and Overvoltage Detection (Rev. A) Dec 11, 2019
Selection guide 431 Device Nomenclature (Rev. B) Sep 18, 2019
Application note Designing With the Improved TL431LI (Rev. A) Jun 28, 2019
E-book Voltage Supervisor and Reset ICs: Tips, Tricks and Basics Jun 28, 2019
White paper Voltage reference selection basics white paper (Rev. A) Oct 23, 2018
Application note TL431 Pin FMEA Jan 12, 2018
Application note Low Cost Bidirectional Current Sensing Using INA181 Jul 28, 2017
Technical article Differences between PSR and SSR in bias power-supply design PDF | HTML Apr 8, 2016
Technical article The great compromise: voltage references PDF | HTML Dec 7, 2015
Technical article Designing for isolated DC/DC converter shunt safety PDF | HTML Aug 29, 2015
Technical article Can overcurrent protection be simple and precise, while minimizing cost? PDF | HTML Jul 31, 2015
Technical article How to get no-load power savings in AC to DC supplies PDF | HTML Jun 8, 2015
Application note Designing Overcurrent protection for TPL7407L Peripheral Driver Nov 5, 2014
Analog design Journal Low-cost flyback solutions for 10-mW standby power Jan 22, 2014
Application note Understanding stability boundary conditions charts in TL431, TL432 Data sheet (Rev. A) Jan 16, 2014
Application note Lead-Acid Charger and LED Driver using TPS5402 (Rev. A) Jun 13, 2013
Application note Compensation Design with TL431 for UCC28600 Jan 16, 2013
Application note Setting the shunt voltage on an adjustable shunt regulator Sep 1, 2011
User guide A 90-W High-Efficiency, LLC Series-Resonant Converter Nov 3, 2010
Analog design Journal Q1 2009 Issue Analog Applications Journal Mar 11, 2009
Analog design Journal Using a portable-power boost converter in an isolated flyback application Mar 11, 2009
Application note Designing Switching Voltage Regulators With the TL494 (Rev. E) Jul 26, 2005

Design & development

For additional terms or required resources, click any title below to view the detail page where available.

Evaluation board

ATL431EVM-001 — ATL431 adjustable shunt regulator evaluation module

The ATL431EVM-001 evaluation module (EVM) features the functionality and adjustability of the ATL431 by letting you program the cathode voltage with various resistor values. You can also set the cathode current using the various resistors in series with the supply. (...)

User guide: PDF
Supported products & hardware
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Third-party accessory

ADTEC-3P-EBIKE — AD-TEC eBike torque and cadence sensor with DRV425 magneto mechanical

AD-TEC is a German deep-tech sensor company that develops contactless, magneto mechanical torque and cadence sensing solutions for eBike and pedal-assist systems, leveraging TI's DRV425 fluxgate magnetometer and a complete TI silicon stack. The AD-TEC eBike sensor is a permanently magnetized (...)
From: AD-TEC GmbH
Supported products & hardware
Simulation model

SPICE Model of TL431

SLOJ174.ZIP (0 KB) - Spice model
Supported products & hardware
Simulation model

TL431 Family Unencrypted PSpice Transient and AC Model (Rev. B)

SLVM071B.ZIP (130 KB) - PSpice model
Supported products & hardware
Simulation model

TL431x, TL432x TINA-TI AC Reference Design

SLVM165.TSC (65 KB) - TINA-TI reference design
Supported products & hardware
Simulation model

TL431x, TL432x TINA-TI Transient & AC Spice Model

SLVM163.ZIP (4 KB) - TINA-TI Spice model
Supported products & hardware
Simulation model

TL431x, TL432x TINA-TI Transient Reference Design

SLVM164.TSC (82 KB) - TINA-TI reference design
Supported products & hardware
Calculation tool

SHUNT-REFERENCE-CALC — Shunt Reference Selector and Design Calculator

This tool guides the user through the design process for the TLx431 and LM40x0 family of shunt voltage references. This calculator will recommend resistance and capacitance values to optimally meet the user's desired specifications.
Supported products & hardware
Calculation tool

TL431CALC — TL431 Design Calculator

The TL431CALC spreadsheet calculates all component parameters for any desired output voltage for the TL43x, TLV43x and TL1431. The spreadsheet includes limits for each device. Resistor values are calculated to the nearest 1% value.

Supported products & hardware

Many TI reference designs include the TL431

Use our reference design selection tool to review and identify designs that best match your application and parameters.

Package Pins CAD symbols, footprints & 3D models
SOT-23 (DBZ) 3 Ultra Librarian
SOIC (D) 8 Ultra Librarian
SOT-23 (DBV) 5 Ultra Librarian
SOT-89 (PK) 3 Ultra Librarian
SOP (PS) 8 Ultra Librarian
SOT-SC70 (DCK) 6 Ultra Librarian
TO-92 (LP) 3 Ultra Librarian
TSSOP (PW) 8 Ultra Librarian
PDIP (P) 8 Ultra Librarian

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